Quiz: Philosophy of Science Test your knowledge of the principles and concepts in the field of philosophy of science with this informative quiz. delya90 published on December 15, 20230 responses 0 « Previous Next » Questions in vertical order 1/11 What is the primary goal of science? To explain and understand natural phenomena through empirical evidence To prove the existence of God To promote technological advancements To validate personal beliefs 2/11 What is the demarcation problem in philosophy of science? Distinguishing between science and non-science Determining the nature of ultimate reality Establishing ethical guidelines for scientific research Explaining the source of scientific creativity 3/11 What is the principle of falsifiability proposed by Karl Popper? A scientific theory should be capable of being proven false through empirical testing Scientific progress is achieved through gradual accumulation of knowledge All scientific theories are ultimately reducible to fundamental laws Scientific theories should be based on observable facts and logical deductions 4/11 What does Thomas Kuhn's concept of 'paradigm shift' refer to? A fundamental change in scientific worldview and methodology The process of gathering empirical evidence through experiments The application of mathematical models in scientific theories The use of inductive reasoning to form scientific hypotheses 5/11 What is the concept of 'underdetermination of theory by evidence'? Multiple theories can explain the same evidence, making it difficult to determine which theory is true Scientific theories should be able to make accurate predictions Scientific knowledge is based on subjective personal experiences Observational data can never fully confirm a scientific theory 6/11 Who proposed the concept of 'verisimilitude' in philosophy of science? Karl Popper Thomas Kuhn Auguste Comte David Hume 7/11 What is the 'problem of induction'? The challenge of justifying the extrapolation of observations into general principles or universal laws The difficulty of conducting large-scale scientific experiments The uncertainty principle in quantum mechanics The conflict between science and religion 8/11 What is Karl Popper's view on the concept of 'verification' of scientific theories? Scientific theories can never be definitively verified, only falsified All scientific theories must be verified through mathematical proofs Verification is unnecessary as long as a theory is based on observable facts Only currently accepted scientific theories should be subject to verification 9/11 What is Occam's razor? The principle that simpler explanations should be preferred over more complex ones, given equal explanatory power A philosophical argument for the existence of God The statistical concept of sampling error The tendency for scientists to favor the status quo in their research 10/11 What is the 'Duhem-Quine thesis' about scientific testing? Scientific theories are always tested as a whole, making it difficult to attribute failures to specific parts Testing of scientific theories should be conducted by non-specialists to avoid bias Failed experiments should be repeated multiple times to confirm their results Scientists should limit their hypotheses to avoid overcomplicating experiments 11/11 What is the role of value judgments in science, according to Philip Kitcher? Value judgments are involved in scientific reasoning, but they should be critically examined and open to revision Value judgments should not influence scientific research All value judgments are subjective and have no place in science Scientists should prioritize societal values over scientific accuracy
