pathophysiology practice test (6) water and electrolytes disturbances >>>>>>>>>> multiple choices <<<<<<< shema published on May 07, 201218 responses 0 « Previous Next » Questions in vertical order 1/19 what are the most dangerous consequences of hyperkalemia? Hint: 2 choices metabolic acidosis ventricular fibrillation paralysis of skeletal muscle cardiac arrest 2/19 the effects of hypotonic dehydration on body are? Hint: 3 choices decreased plasma osmolality shock is common movement of fluid from ECF to ICF increased secretion of ADH 3/19 the effects of acute hypokalemia on neuromuscular tissue are? muscle weakness myoparalysis decreased cell excitability hyperpolarization block 4/19 the clinical manifestations in earlier stage of hypertonic dehydration are? Hint: 3 choices thirst hypotension urine specific gravity is beyond 1.020 decreased urine volume 5/19 the characteristics of hypotonic dehydration are? Hint: 3 choices the sodium loss in excess of water loss increased plasma osmotic pressure severe reduced ECF volume thirst is not an early symptom 6/19 the effects of primary hyperkalemia on acid-base balance are? Hint: 2 choices ECF acidosis ECF alkalosis ICF acidosis ICF alkalosis 7/19 the characteristics of water intoxication are? Hint: 2 choices increased ECF volume normal ECF volume decreased ECF volume increased ICF volume 8/19 the factors which can result in retention of sodium and water include? Hint: 2 choices decreased GFR decreased plasma colloid osmotic pressure increased interstitial colloid osmotic pressure increased tubular reabsorption 9/19 the factors which can promote reabsorption of sodium and water in distal convoluted tubule and collecting tube include? Hint: 3 choices increased production of ALD decreased GFR increased production of ADH decreased ANP 10/19 the clinical manifestations in late stage of hypertonic dehydration are? thirst shock increased body temperature decreased urine volume 11/19 what are the mechanisms of promoting reabsorption of sodium and water while glomerular filtration fraction inscrease? Hint: 2 choices increased production of ALD decreased production of natriuretic hormone decreased hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries around proximal tubules increased colloid osmotic pressure in the capillaries around proximal tubules 12/19 the toxic effects of severe hyperkalemia on myocardium are? decreased excitability decreased autorhythmicity decreased conductivity arrhythmia 13/19 serum levels of K+ are mainly regulated by? Hint: 2 choices daily dietary intake ADH renal mechanisms which control urinary output redistribution between ICF and ECF 14/19 two main stimuli for thirst are? Hint: 2 choices increase in ECF osmolarity decrease in effective blood volume increase in ICF volume decrease in ICF osmolarity 15/19 the characteristics of hypotonic dehydration are? Hint: 3 choices thirst is not apparent in the early stage blood pressure is stable serum sodium concentration is less than 130mmol/L plasma osmolality is less than 280mOsm/L 16/19 what are the most common water electrolyte disturbances in excessive sweating? Hint: 2 choices hypotonic dehydration isotonic dehydration hypokalemia hypertonic dehydration 17/19 the consequences of hyperkalemia are? decreased neuromuscular excitability with secere hyperkalemia metabolic acidosis decreased cardiac conductivity cardiac arrest may occur 18/19 the effects of hypokalemia on myocardium are? Hint: 3 choices increased excitability increased autorhythmicity decreased excitability decreased conductivity 19/19 the effects of acute mild hyperkalemia on neuromuscular tissure are? Hint: 2 choices paraesthesia of extremities myoparalysis weakness of muscles mild trembling of muscles
